Open innovation and organizational boundaries
No CoverExplores open innovation versus traditional models, using examples from Apple, NASA, and LEGO.
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Explores open innovation versus traditional models, using examples from Apple, NASA, and LEGO.
This paper contrasts traditional, internal organization-centered models of innovation with more recent work on open innovation. These fundamentally different and inconsistent innovation logics are associated with contrasting organizational boundaries and organizational designs. We suggest that when critical tasks can be modularized and when problem-solving knowledge is widely distributed and available, open innovation complements traditional innovation logics. We induce these ideas from the lite...
will contain mild spoilers
No romantic or sexual content present.
No violence or gore present.
No profanity or strong language present.
No substance use depicted.
No LGBTQ+ representation present.
No religious themes present.
No fantasy magic or witchcraft present.
No occult or demonology content present.
Minor discussion of organizational and economic strategies.
No self-harm or suicide themes present.
No abuse or suffering themes present.
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